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Stroke Guidelines and Best Practices Resource Guide
Page Contents Furie KL, Kasner SE, Adams RJ, Alberts GW, Bush RL, Fagan SC, et al. Guidelines for the prevention of stroke in patients with stroke or transient ischemic attack: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2011;42(1):227-76. PubMed PMID: 20966421.
Goldstein LB, Bushnell CD, Adams RJ, Appel LJ, Braun LT, Chaturvedi S, et al. Guidelines for the primary prevention of stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2011;42(2):517-84. Erratum in: Stroke. 2011;42(2):e26. PubMed PMID: 21127304.
Lansberg MG, O’Donnell MJ, Khatri P, Lang ES, Nguyen-Huynh MN, Schwartz NE, et al. Antithrombotic and thrombolytic therapy for ischemic stroke: Antithrombotic Therapy and Prevention of Thrombosis, 9th ed: American College of Chest Physicians Evidence-Based Clinical Practice Guidelines. Chest. 2012:141(2 Suppl);e601S-36S. PubMed PMID: 22315273.
Ockene IS, Miller NH. Cigarette smoking, cardiovascular disease, and stroke: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 1997:96;3243-7. PubMed PMID: 9386200.
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Easton JD. Saver JL, Albers GW, Alberts MJ, Chaturvedi S, Feldmann E, et al. Definition and evaluation of transient ischemic attack: a scientific statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Stroke Council; Council on Cardiovascular Surgery and Anesthesia; Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention; Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; and the Interdisciplinary Council on Peripheral Vascular Disease. Stroke. 2009:40(6);2276-93. PubMed PMID: 19423857. Latchaw RE, Alberts MJ, Lev MH, Connors JJ, Harbaugh RE, Higashida RT, et al. Recommendations for imaging of acute ischemic stroke: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Stroke. 2009:40(11);3646-78. PubMed PMID: 19797189. http://learn.heart.org/ihtml/application/student/interface.heart2/nihss.html . Accessed April 11, 2013.
Brain Attack Coalition [Internet]. Bethesda, Md.; Stroke Scales. Available at: http://www.stroke-site.org/stroke_scales/ . Accessed April 11, 2013.
http://www.ninds.nih.gov/doctors/stroke_scale_training.htm . Accessed April 11, 2013.
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American College of Emergency Physcians and the American Academy of Neurology. Clinical Policy: Use of intravenous tPA for the Management of Acute Ischemic Stroke in the Emergency Department. Ann Emerg Med. 2013;61(2):225-43. PubMed PMID: 23331647.
Del Zoppo, GJ, Saver JL, Jauch EC, Adams HP Jr; American Heart Association Stroke Council. Expansion of the time window for treatment of acute ischemic stroke with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator: a science advisory from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2009;40(8):2945-8. Erratum in: Stroke. 2010;41(9):e562. PubMed PMID: 19478221.
The National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke rt-PA Stroke Study Group. Tissue plasminogen activator for acute ischemic stroke. NEJM. 1995:333(24);1581-7. PubMed PMID: 7477192.
Saver JL. Time is brain--quantified. Stroke. 2006;37(1):263-6. PubMed PMID: 16339467.
Clinical Trials
Albers GW, Bates VE, Clark WM, Bell R, Verro P, Hamilton SA. Intravenous tissue-type plasminogen activator for treatment of acute stroke: the Standard Treatment with Alteplase to Reverse Stroke (STARS) Study. JAMA. 2000:283(9);1145-50. PubMed PMID: 10703776.
Hacke W, Donnan G, Fieschi C, Kaste M, von Kummer R, Broderick JP, et al. Association of outcome with early stroke treatment: pooled analysis of ATLANTIS, ECASS, and NINDS rt-PA stroke trials. Lancet. 2004;363(9411):768-74. Pubmed PMID: 15016487.
Hill MD, Buchan AM; Canadian Alteplase for Stroke Effectiveness Study (CASES) Investigators.Thrombolysis for acute ischemic stroke: results of the Canadian Alteplase for Stroke Effectiveness Study. CMAJ. 2005;172(10):1307-12. PubMed PMID: 15883405. Lees KR, Bluhmki E, von Kummer R, Brott TG, Toni D, Grotta JC, et al. Time to treatment with intravenous alteplase and outcome in stroke: an updated pooled analysis of ECASS, ATLANTIS, NINDS, and EPITHET trials. Lancet. 2010;375(9727):1695-703. PubMed PMID 20472172.
Marler JR, Tilley BC, Lu M, Brott TG, Lyden PC, Grotta JC, et al. Early stroke treatment associated with better outcome: the NINDS rt-PA stroke study. Neurology. 2004;55(11):1649-55. PubMed PMID: 11113218.
Saver JL, Yafeh B. Confirmation of tPA treatment effect by baseline severity-adjusted end point reanalysis of the NINDS-tPA stroke trials. Stroke. 2007;38(2):414-6. PubMed PMID: 17234987. Saver JL, Gornbein J, Grotta J, Liebeskind D, Lutsep H, Schwamm L, et al. Number needed to treat to benefit and to harm for intravenous tissue plasminogen activator therapy in the 3- to 4.5-hour window: joint outcome table analysis of the ECASS 3 trial. Stroke. 2009;40(7):2433-7. PubMed PMID: 19498197.
Wahlgren N, Ahmed N, Dávalos A, Ford GA, Grond M, Hacke W, et al. Thrombolysis with alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke in the Safe Implementation of Thrombolysis in Stroke-Monitoring Study (SITS-MOST): an observational study. Lancet. 2007;369(9558):275-82. Erratum in: Lancet. 2007;369(9564):826. PubMed PMID: 17258667.
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Pathways & Order Sets Brain Attack Coalition [Internet]. Bethesda, Md.; Pathways. Available at: http://www.stroke-site.org/pathways/ . Accessed April 11, 2013.
Brain Attack Coalition [Internet]. Bethesda, Md.; Orders. Available at: http://www.stroke-site.org/orders/ . Accessed April 11, 2013.
Ischemic Stroke American Association of Neuroscience Nurses [Internet]. Glenview, Ill; Guide to the Care of the Hospitalized Patient with Ischemic Stroke, 2nd ed. 2008, rev 2009. Available at: http://www.aann.org/pdf/cpg/aannischemicstroke.pdf . Accessed April 11, 2013. https://www.icsi.org/guidelines__more/catalog_guidelines_and_more/catalog_guidelines/catalog_cardiovascular_guidelines/stroke/ . Accessed April 11, 2013.
Jauch EC, Saver JL, Adams HP Jr, Bruno A, Connors JJ, Demaerschalk BM, et al. Guidelines for the early management of patients with acute ischemic stroke: a guideline for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2013;44(3):870-947. PubMed PMID: 23370205.
Summers D, Leonard A, Wentworth D, Saver JL, Simpson J, Spilker JA, et al. Comprehensive overview of nursing and interdisciplinary care of the acute ischemic stroke patient: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Stroke. 2009;40(8):2911-44. Erratum in: Stroke. 2011;42(3):e357. Stroke. 2010;41(9):e563. Dosage error in article text. PubMed PMID: 19478222. Hemorrhagic Stroke/Aneurysm American Association of Neuroscience Nurses [Internet]. Glenview, Ill; Guide to the Care of the Patient with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. 2007, rev 2009. Available at: http://www.aann.org/pdf/cpg/aannaneurysmalsah.pdf . Accessed April 11, 2013.
Bederson JB, Awad IA, Wiebers DO, Piepgras D, Haley EC Jr, Brott T, et al. Recommendations for the management of patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Stroke Council of the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2000;102(18):2300-8. PubMed PMID: 11056108.
Connolly ES Jr, Rabinstein AA, Carlhuapoma JR, Derdeyn CP, Dion J, Higashida RT, et al. Guidelines for the Management of Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage: a guideline for Healthcare Professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. Epub 2012 May 3. PubMed PMID: 22556195.
Diringer MN, Bleck TP, Claude Hemphill J 3rd , Shutter L, Vespa P, Bruder N, et al. Critical care management of patients following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: recommendations from the Neurocritical Care Society's Multidisciplinary Consensus Conference. Neurocrit Care. 2011;15(2):211-40. PubMed PMID: 21773873.
Johnston SC, Higashida RT, Barrow Dl, Caplan LR, Dion JE, Hademenos G, et al. Recommendations for the endovascular treatment of intracranial aneurysms: a statement for healthcare professionals from the Committee on Cerebrovascular Imaging of the American Heart Association Council on Cardiovascular Radiology. Stroke. 2002;33(10):2536-44. PubMed PMID: 12364750.
Morgenstern LB, Hemphill JC 3rd , Anderson C, Becker K, Broderick JP, Connolly ES Jr, et al. Guidelines for the management of spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a guideline for healthcare professionals form the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2010;41(9):2108-29. PubMed PMID: 20651276. Ogilvy CS, Stieg PE, Awad I, Brown RD Jr, Kondziolka D, Rosenwasser R, et al. AHA Scientific Statement: Recommendations for the management of intracranial arteriovenous malformations: a statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council, American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2001;32(6):1458-71. PubMed PMID: 11387517. Dysphagia Screening DePippo KL, Holas MA, Reding MJ. Validation of the 3-oz water swallow test for aspiration following stroke. Arch Neurol. 1992;49(12):1259-61. PubMed PMID: 1449405. Donovan NJ, Daniels SK, Edmiaston J, Weinhardt J, Summers D, Mitchell PH. Dysphagia Screening: State of the Art: Invitational Conference Proceeding from the State-of-the-Art Nursing Symposium, International Stroke Conference 2012. Stroke. 2013;44(4):e24-31. PubMed PMID: 23412377.
Minnesota Stroke Partnership [Internet]. St. Paul, Minn.; Great Lakes Regional Stroke Network Swallow Screen Checklist. Rev 2010 Feb 15. Available at: http://www.mnstrokepartnership.org/documents/GLRSNDysphagiaChecklistFINAL.doc . Accessed April 11, 2013.
Minnesota Stroke Partnership [Internet]. St. Paul, Minn.; Great Lakes Regional Stroke Network Swallow Screening for the Stroke Patient Resource Guide. c. 2010. Available at: http://www.mnstrokepartnership.org/documents/GLRSNSwallowScreenResourceGuide.pdf . Accessed April 11, 2013.
Ramritu P, Finlayson K, Mitchell A, Croft G. Identification and nursing management of dysphagia in individuals with neurological impairment. Adelaide, S. Australia, Australia: Joanna Briggs Institute for Evidence Based Nursing and Midwifery. Systematic Review; 8. 2000.
Ramsey DJ, Smithard DG, Kalra L. Early assessments of dysphagia and aspiration risk in acute stroke patients. Stroke. 2003;34(5):1252-7. Epub 2003 Apr 3. PubMed PMID: 12677020.
Carotid Endarterectomy Biller J, Feinberg WM, Castaldo JE, Whittemore AD, Harbaugh RE, Dempsey RJ. Guidelines for carotid endarterectomy: a statement for healthcare professionals from a special writing group of the Stroke Council, American Heart Association. Stroke. 1998;29(2):554-62. PubMed PMID: 9480580.
Pediatric Stroke Roach ES, Golomb MR, Adams R, Biller J, Daniels S, Deveber G, et al. Management of stroke in infants and children: a scientific statement from a Special Writing Group of the American Heart Association Stroke Council and the Council on Cardiovascular Disease in the Young. Stroke. 2008;39(9):2644-91. Erratum in: Stroke 2009;40(1):e8-10. PubMed PMID: 18635845.
Other Brott TG, Halperin JL, Abbara S, Bacharach JM, Barr JD, Bush RL, et al. 2011 ASA/ACCF/AHA/AANN/AANS/ACR/ASNR/CNS/SAIP/SCAI/SIR/SNIS/SVM/SVS guideline on the management of patients with extracranial carotid and vertebral artery disease: executive summary: a report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on practice guidelines, and the American Stroke Association, American Association of Neuroscience Nurses, American Association of Neurological Surgeons, American College of Radiology, American Society of Neuroradiology, Congress of Neurological Surgeons, Society of Atherosclerosis Imaging and Prevention, Society for Cardiovascular Angiography and Interventions, Society of Interventional Radiology, Society of NeuroInterventional Surgery, Society for Vascular Medicine, and Society for Vascular Surgery. Stroke. 2011;42(8):e420-63. Erratum in: Stroke 2011;42(8):e541. PubMed PMID: 21282494.
Saposnik G, Barinagarrementeria F, Brown RD Jr, Bushnell CD, Cucchiara B, Cushman M, et al. Diagnosis and management of cerebral venous thrombosis: a statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association. Stroke. 2011;42(4):1158-92. PubMed PMID: 21293023. Return to Table of Contents
Primary Stroke Centers Alberts MJ, Hademenos G, Latchaw RE, Jagoda A, Marler JR, Mayberg MR, et al. Recommendations for the establishment of primary stroke centers. JAMA. 2000;283(23):3102-9. PubMed PMID: 10865305 .
Alberts MJ, Latchaw RE, Jagoda A, Wechsler LR, Crocco T, George MG, et al. Revised and updated recommendations for the establishment of primary stroke centers: a summary statement from the brain attack coalition. Stroke. 2011;42(9):2651-65. PubMed PMID: 21868727.
Comprehensive Stroke Centers Alberts MJ, Latchaw RE, Selman WR, Shephard T, Hadley MN, Brass LM, et al. Recommendations for comprehensive stroke centers: a consensus statement from the Brain Attack Coalition. Stroke. 2005;36(7):1597-618. Pubmed PMID: 15961715.
Leifer D, Bravata DM, Connors JJ 3rd , Hinchey JA, Jauch EC, Johnston SC, et al. Metrics for measuring quality of care in comprehensive stroke centers: detailed follow-up to Brain Attack Coalition comprehensive stroke center recommendations. Stroke. 2011;42(3):849-77. Erratum in: Stroke. 2011;42(4):e369. PubMed PMID: 21233469.
Telemedicine Schwamm LH, Audebert HJ, Amarenco P, Chumbler NR, Frankel MR, George MG, et al. Recommendations for the implementation of telemedicine within stroke systems of care: a policy statement from the American Heart Association. Stroke. 2009;40(7):2635-60. PubMed PMID: 19423851. Silva GS, Farrell S, Shandra E, Viswanathan A, Schwamm LH. The status of telestroke in the United States: a survey of currently active stroke telemedicine programs. Stroke. 2012;43(8):2078-85. PubMed PMID: 22700532. PubMed PMID: 18242925.
Wechsler LR, Tsao JW, Levine SR, Swain-Eng RJ, Adams RJ, Demaerschalk BM, et al. Teleneurology applications: Report of the Telemedicine Work Group of the American Academy of Neurology. Neurology. 2013;80(7):670-6. PubMed PMID: 23400317.
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Acker JE 3rd, Pancioli AM, Crocco TJ, Eckstein MK, Jauch EC, Larrabee H, et al. Implementation strategies for emergency medical services within stroke systems of care: a policy statement from the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association Expert Panel on Emergency Medical Services Systems and the Stroke Council. Stroke. 2007;38(11):3097-115. PubMed PMID: 17901393. http://www.stroke-site.org/stroke_scales/ . Accessed April 11, 2013.
PubMed PMID: 22343694. EMS4Stroke [Internet]. South San Francisco, Ca.: Genentech USA, Inc.; c. 2012. Available from: http://www.strokeawareness.com/ems4stroke/ . Accessed April 11, 2013.
PubMed PMID: 22465209.
PubMed PMID: 20538484.
PubMed PMID: 19926988.
PubMed PMID: 21903419.
Patel MD, Rose KM, O’Brien EC, Rosamond WD. Prehospital notification by emergency medical services reduces delays in stroke evaluation: findings from the North Carolina stroke care collaborative. Stroke. 2011;42(8):2263-8. PubMed PMID: 21659638.
http://www.stroke.org/site/PageServer?pagename=srronline . Accessed April 11, 2013.
Williams I, Mears G, Raisor C, Wilson J. An emergency medical services toolkit for improving systems of care for stroke in North Carolina. Prev Chronic Dis. 2009;6(2):A67. PubMed PMID: 19289010.
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Duncan PW, Zorowitz R, Bates B, Choi JY, Glasberg JJ, Graham GD, et al. Management of Adult Stroke Rehabilitation Care: a clinical practice guideline. Stroke. 2005;36(9):e100-43. PubMed PMID: 16120836.
EBRSR: Evidence-Based Review of Stroke Rehabilitation [Internet]. London, Ont., Canada: Evidence-Based Review of Stroke Rehabilitation: c. 2005-2012. Available at: http://www.ebrsr.com . Accessed April 11, 2013.
Gordon NF, Gulanick M, Costa F, Fletcher G, Franklin BA, Roth EJ, et al. Physical activity and exercise recommendations for stroke survivors: an American Heart Association scientific statement from the Council on Clinical Cardiology, Subcommittee on Exercise, Cardiac Rehabilitation, and Prevention; the Council on Cardiovascular Nursing; the Council on Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Metabolism; and the Stroke Council. Stroke. 2004;35(5):1230-40. PubMed PMID: 15105522.
Miller EL, Murray L, Richards L, Zorowitz RD, Bakas T, Clark P, et al. Comprehensive overview of nursing and interdisciplinary rehabilitation care of the stroke patient: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Stroke. 2010;41(10):2402-48. PubMed PMID: 20813995.
http://www.healthquality.va.gov/Management_of_Stroke_Rehabilitation.asp . Accessed April 11, 2013.Return to Table of Contents
Download the resource guide here: Stroke Guidelines and Best Practices Resource Guide (PDF: 463 KB/13 pages) .
This resource guide lists guidelines and best practices resources for stroke. Selected and reviewed by an expert panel representing neurology, rehabilitation medicine, neuroscience nursing, emergency nursing, and emergency medical services, the resources listed here were approved for publication by the Minnesota Stroke Partnership Steering Committee in May 2012. The Steering Committee regularly reviews this list for updates and new additions. Any suggestions for revision or inclusion should be sent to health.stroke@state.mn.us .
Most of the resources listed in this resource guide are free to access. Click on the links to be taken to either the full free article (including appendices, errata, and corrections), the website resource, or to the PubMed listing for articles not publicly available for free. These resources have been grouped into 7 broad categories:
Primary & Secondary Prevention
Clinical Evaluation
tPA treatment
Clinical Management
Stroke Systems of Care/Telemedicine
Emergency Medical Services
Rehabilitation
Many thanks to the expert review work group:
Diane Chappuis, MD (Sister Kenny Rehabilitation Institute)
Karen Gozel, RN, BSN (Abbott Northwestern Hospital)
Matthew Ostrander, MD (Park Nicollet Methodist Hospital)
James Peacock, PhD, MPH (Minnesota Department of Health)
Corey Sargent, MA, NREMT-P (University of Minnesota)
Tess Sierzant, MS, RN, CNRN (HealthEast)
Joanie Somes, PhD, MSN, RNC, NREMT-P (HealthEast)
Alexander Zubkov, MD, PhD (Fairview Southdale Hospital)
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